Sanitary installation element

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a sanitary installation element ( 101 ) which is arranged in a water line. The installation element ( 101 ) according to the invention comprises a mixing device ( 4 ) with at least one throttling or closing element ( 5 ), which throttling or closing element ( 5 ) can be moved under the pressure of the inflowing water from a mixing or open position into a throttling or closed position against a restoring force, wherein the mixing device ( 4 ) offers a relatively large clear flow cross section when the at least one throttling or closing element ( 5 ) in the mixing or open position, and, by contrast thereto, a reduced clear flow cross section when the at least one throttling or closing element ( 5 ) is in the throttling or closed position. The installation element according to the invention is distinguished in that it always offers an optimum flow cross section both in low and high pressure ranges.

BACKGROUND

The invention relates to a sanitary installation element which isarranged in a water line.

Sanitary installation elements which are arranged in a water line arealready known in an extremely wide variety of embodiments. For example,jet regulators have already been created which can be inserted into thewater outlet of a sanitary outlet fitting. The previously known jetregulators, which are either fastened directly in the water outlet of asanitary outlet fitting or can be inserted into an outlet mouthpiecewhich can be mounted on the water outlet, often have a jet splitterwhich divides the water flow flowing in through the pipe line and thefitting body into a multiplicity of individual jets. Said individualjets may, depending on the jet regulator design, be aerated if requiredbefore a homogeneous, soft and non-sputtering water jet is formed at thewater outlet in a homogenization device which is situated downstream ofthe jet splitter and/or in an outflow-side flow straightener, which hasa network-like, grate-like, sieve-like or honeycomb-like structure.

In order that the jet regulator can perform its function optimally andcan form the water jet emerging from the water outlet, it is necessaryfor a certain quantity of water to flow through the jet regulator. Sincethe jet splitter and if appropriate also the downstream functional unitsof the jet regulator form a flow resistance, there is the risk at lowpressures that a sufficient water quantity cannot flow through the jetregulator, and the jet regulator cannot perform its function, and thatthe water jet emerging from the jet regulator is perceived as beingunpleasant.

SUMMARY

It is in particular the object to create a sanitary installation elementwhich always provides an optimum throughflow cross section both in lowpressure ranges and also in high pressure ranges.

Said object is achieved according to the invention in the sanitaryinstallation element of the type mentioned in the introduction inparticular in that the sanitary installation element has an admixingdevice with at least one throttling or closing element which can move,under the pressure of the inflowing water, from an admixing or openposition into a throttling or closed position counter to a restoringforce, with the admixing device, in the admixing or open position of atleast one throttling or closing element, providing a relatively largeclear throughflow cross section, and in the throttling or closedposition of the at least one throttling or closing element, providing areduced clear throughflow cross section in relation thereto.

In the installation element according to the invention, an admixingdevice with at least one throttling or closing element is provided atthe inflow side, which throttling or closing element can move, under thepressure of the inflowing water, from an admixing or open position intoa throttling or closed position counter to a restoring force, with theadmixing device, in the admixing or open position of at least onethrottling or closing element, providing a relatively large clearthroughflow cross section, and in the throttling or closed position ofsaid at least one throttling or closing element, providing a reducedclear throughflow cross section in relation thereto. Since the at leastone throttling or closing element closes with increasing water pressure,the throughflow curve through the installation element according to theinvention can be varied such that an optimum throughflow cross sectioncan always be provided both in low pressure ranges and also in highpressure ranges.

Here, it may be advantageous if the installation element is embodied asa throttle which, in high pressure ranges, holds open only a reducedclear throughflow cross section.

One preferred embodiment according to the invention, however, providesthat the installation element according to the invention is embodied asa jet regulator which is arranged in the water outlet of a sanitaryoutlet fitting. In such an embodiment, the throughflow curve which ischaracteristic of conventional jet regulators, and which has the form ofa root function if the throughflow (y axis) is plotted against thepressure (x axis), can be considerably improved. Specifically, asufficient water quantity to allow the jet regulator to perform itsfunction optimally and to form a homogeneous, soft and non-sputteringwater jet which is perceived by the user as being pleasant flows throughthe installation element, which is embodied as a jet regulator, even inrelatively low pressure ranges. The throughflow curve of theinstallation element which is embodied as a jet regulator can thusalways be kept in a comfort zone both at relatively low pressure andalso at relatively high pressure.

It is particularly advantageous if the installation element has a jetsplitter which divides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicity ofindividual jets, and if the admixing device is provided upstream of thejet splitter at the inflow side.

Here, one preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the atleast one throttling or closing element, in its throttling or closedposition, closes off a partial region of the jet splitter inlet and/orof the clear passage cross section of the jet splitter and/or a bypassduct which bypasses at least the jet splitter of the jet regulator. Ifthe at least one throttling or closing element, in its throttling orclosed position, closes off for example a partial region of the clearthroughflow cross section of the jet regulator or a bypass duct whichbypasses the jet splitter of the jet regulator, the water flow, whichflows in here under high pressure, is provided with only a clearthroughflow cross section which is reduced in relation thereto.

Here, one embodiment of the invention provides that the admixing devicehas at least one bypass duct whose duct opening is provided upstream ofthe jet splitter in the flow direction. The partial quantity of theinflowing water which also flows through the bypass duct in low pressureranges can pass the installation element according to the inventionwhile bypassing the jet splitter thereof.

In order that the throttling or closing element can act as a waterthrottle in its throttling or closed position, it is advantageous if theat least one throttling or closing element, in its throttling or closedposition, covers a partial region of the clear passage cross section ofthe jet splitter, or the edge region which borders the duct opening, atthe inflow side. In said throttling or closed position, the inflowingwater is prevented from accessing that partial region of the jetsplitter which is covered by the throttling or closing element, or thebypass duct which is situated under the throttling or closing element.

The throttling or closing element may reduce the clear throughflow crosssection of the installation element in the throttling or closed positionif at least one throttling or closing element has at least onethrottling opening which has a clear throttle opening cross sectionwhich is reduced in relation to the partial region, which is covered bythe throttling or closing element in the throttling or closed position,of the clear passage cross section of the jet splitter or in relation tothe duct opening.

In order that the installation element according to the invention cannotbe impaired in terms of its function by the dirt particles which may becontained in the inflowing water flow, it is advantageous if anancillary or filter sieve is positioned upstream of the installationelement in the flow direction. Here, the dirt particles which may becontained in the water can be collected in the flow direction upstreamof the installation element if the ancillary or filter sieve is offunnel-shaped design.

One refinement of the invention, which is worthy of protection initself, provides that the funnel opening of the funnel-shaped ancillaryor filter sieve is embodied as a duct opening of the bypass duct, andthat said duct opening has a clear opening cross section which is largerin relation to the filter openings of the ancillary or filter sieve. Thedirt particles which have collected in the ancillary or filter sieve inthe throttling or closed position can thereby be automaticallydischarged out of the region of the jet splitter when the throttling orclosing element which is situated in the funnel opening moves back intoits admixing or open position in the event of falling water pressure.Said refining embodiment of the installation element according to theinvention is therefore not only characterized by a mode of operationwhich remains in the comfort zone at all times, but in fact, practicallyautomatic cleaning which takes place at time intervals is also providedin the region of the installation element according to the invention.

Since the jet splitter has a multiplicity of small throughflow openings,and since the clear throughflow cross section of the functional unitswhich are situated downstream of the jet splitter in the flow directionis generally larger, it is expedient if the duct outlet of at least onebypass duct is provided in the flow direction upstream of the at leastone functional unit, which is positioned in the flow directiondownstream of the jet splitter.

To always keep the water jet which is formed in the installation elementaccording to the invention in the comfort zone even over a wide pressurerange, it is advantageous if the admixing device has at least twothrottling elements and/or if at least one throttling element has atleast two throttling element partial regions which can be moved fromtheir admixing or open position into their throttling or closed positionat different, preferably stepped water pressures.

One preferred embodiment of the invention provides that at least onethrottling or closing element is provided upstream of the jet splitterat the inflow side, and that the at least one throttling or closingelement can be moved, at least with at least one partial region underthe pressure of the inflowing water flow, from an admixing or openposition, which is spaced apart from the inflow side of the jetregulator, into a throttling or closed position counter to a restoringforce, in which throttling or closed position the at least onethrottling or closing element covers at least one first partial regionof the jet splitter inlet and reduces the inflow of the water flow tothe remaining partial region of the jet splitter inlet and/or to atleast one throttling opening which is provided in the throttling orclosing element.

The functional principle of the installation element according to theinvention may advantageously be used in connection with an extremelywide variety of jet splitter designs. For example, one embodiment of theinvention provides that the jet splitter is embodied as a diffuser,while a different embodiment thereto has a jet splitter which isembodied as a perforated plate.

To be able to produce the installation element according to theinvention from only a small number of constituent parts as simply andcost-effectively as possible, it is advantageous if at least onethrottling or closing element is produced from elastic material and canbe deformed, under the pressure of the inflowing water flow against theinherent elasticity of the throttling element material, in such a waythat the throttling or closing element which is deformed in thethrottling or closed position covers at least a partial region of thejet splitter and/or of the jet splitter inlet and/or of the duct openingof the bypass duct.

Here, one embodiment of the invention may for example consist in thatthe at least one throttling or closing element is of shield-like designand, in at least one throttling or closed position, at least with asegment of its shield or shield edge region, covers at least a partialregion of the jet splitter and/or of the jet splitter inlet and/or ofthe duct opening of the bypass duct.

To be able to also actuate an installation element with a shield-likethrottling or closing element composed of elastic material in a steppedfashion over a wide pressure range, it may be advantageous if the shieldof the shield-like throttling or closing element is divided in thecircumferential direction into shield segments which are deformableseparately from one another, and if the shield segments of a throttlingor closing element are deformable preferably in different and inparticular stepped pressure ranges.

To be able to always keep the throttling or closing element in itsfunctional position in the region of the jet splitter or of the ductopening of the bypass duct, it is advantageous if at least onethrottling or closing element is held on the jet splitter preferably atthe inflow side.

One particularly simple embodiment of the invention which iscost-effective to produce provides that at least one throttling orclosing element which is produced from elastic material can be deformedfrom a funnel shape, which is provided in the admixing or open position,into a shield shape, bearing against the jet splitter, in the throttlingor closed position. Here, the initially funnel-shaped throttling orclosing element is deformed under increasing water pressure into ashield shape which bears preferably at the edge side against the jetsplitter and/or against the edge region which borders the duct openingof the bypass duct.

The throttling or closing element may also be produced from firm anddeformation-resistant material if at least one throttling or closingelement is movable in the axial direction between an admixing or openposition, which is spaced apart from the jet splitter, and thethrottling or closed position.

Here, it is advantageous if at least one restoring spring, which ispreferably designed as a pressure spring, is provided as a restoringforce.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Refinements of the invention can be gathered from the claims inconnection with the drawings. The invention is explained in even moredetail below on the basis of advantageous exemplary embodiments.

In the drawings:

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a jet regulator having an admixing device which, inits throttling or closed position illustrated here, reduces the clearthroughflow cross section of a jet splitter which is provided in the jetregulator, with the jet regulator being shown in a perspectivelongitudinal section in FIG. 1 and in a partially sectioned side view inFIG. 2,

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 1 and 2 in the admixingor open position of the admixing device, in which the latter has themaximum clear throughflow cross section,

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a jet regulator having an admixing device which has athrottling or closing element which is produced from adeformation-resistant material and which is guided so as to be movablein the axial direction and which is movable into its closed positionillustrated here counter to a restoring spring,

FIGS. 7 and 8 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 5 and 6 in the admixingor open position of its throttling or closing element,

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a jet regulator of similar design to that in FIGS. 5to 8 in the throttling or closed position of its throttling or closingelement which is produced from deformation-resistant material and whichis formed in the shape of an annular disk,

FIGS. 11 and 12 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 9 and 10 in theadmixing or open position of the throttling or closing element,

FIGS. 13 and 14 show a jet regulator which is shown in the throttling orclosed position of its plate-shaped throttling or closing element, whichjet regulator has a jet splitter which is embodied as a diffuser,

FIGS. 15 and 16 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 13 and 14 in theadmixing or open position, which is held by the restoring spring, of itsthrottling or closing element,

FIGS. 17 and 18 show a jet regulator of similar design to that in FIGS.13 to 16, and additionally fitted with an ancillary or filter sievewhich is positioned upstream of the jet regulator inlet, in thethrottling or closed position of its throttling or closing element,

FIGS. 19 and 20 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 17 and 18 in theadmixing or open position, which is held by the restoring spring, of thethrottling or closing element,

FIGS. 21 and 22 show a jet regulator in an admixing device which has abypass duct which bypasses the jet splitter of the jet regulator, with athrottling or closing element which is embodied as a closing valve andwhich is composed of elastic material being assigned to the bypass duct,which throttling or closing element is situated in its throttling orclosed position in FIGS. 21 and 22,

FIGS. 23 and 24 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 21 and 22 in theadmixing or open position of its throttling or closing element,

FIG. 25 shows the throughflow curve of the jet regulator shown in FIGS.1 to 24 (solid line) in comparison with the throughflow curve of aconventional jet regulator designed according to the prior art(dash-dotted line),

FIGS. 26 and 27 show a jet regulator, schematically illustrated only inthe region of its jet splitter, in the admixing or open position of itsthrottling or closing element which is produced from elastic material,

FIGS. 28 and 29 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 26 and 27 in one ofseveral throttling or closed positions of its throttling or closingelement, with the throttling or closing element, in each of saidthrottling or closing positions which can be assumed in apressure-dependent fashion, closing off a further partial region of theclear throughflow cross section of the jet splitter,

FIGS. 30 and 31 show a jet regulator, likewise schematically illustratedin the region of its jet splitter, which has a throttling or closingelement which is divided by radial incisions into individual throttlingelement segments and which is composed of elastic material,

FIGS. 32 and 33 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 30 and 31 in one ofthe throttling or closed positions of its throttling or closing element,wherein in FIGS. 32 and 33, all the throttling element segments of saidthrottling or closing element are bearing sealingly, at the inflow side,against the associated partial regions of the jet regulator,

FIGS. 34 to 39 show a jet regulator likewise schematically illustratedin the region of its jet splitter, which jet regulator has a throttlingor closing element of similar design to that in FIGS. 30 to 33, with thethrottling or closing element being illustrated in its admixing or openposition in FIG. 34 and in various throttling or closed positions of itsthrottling or closing element in FIGS. 35 to 39,

FIGS. 40 and 41 show a jet regulator whose admixing device has twothrottling or closing elements which can be activated in a steppedfashion, with said throttling or closing elements, which are in eachcase movable in the axial direction counter to an associated restoringspring, being situated in each case in their admixing or open positionin FIGS. 40 and 41,

FIGS. 42 and 43 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 40 and 41, wherein inFIGS. 42 and 43, only one of the throttling or closing elements issituated in its admixing or open position, while the lower throttling orclosing element in this case has already been moved into its throttlingor closed position by the increasing water pressure,

FIGS. 44 and 45 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 40 to 43 in thethrottling or closed position of its two throttling or closing elements,

FIGS. 46 to 51 show a jet regulator in the region of its jet splitter,whose admixing device can likewise be actuated in a stepped fashion,wherein for this purpose, a plurality of annularly encircling sealinglips are provided on the inflow side of the jet splitter, which sealinglips, in the associated throttling or closed position which can beactivated in a pressure-dependent fashion, close off one of a pluralityof coaxially arranged hole circles of the jet splitter which is embodiedas a perforated plate,

FIG. 52 shows the throughflow curve of the jet regulator illustrated inFIGS. 40 to 45 and 46 to 51,

FIGS. 53 and 54 show a jet regulator having a throttling or closingelement which is movable axially counter to a restoring spring, whichthrottling or closing element, in its throttling or closed positionshown in FIG. 54, covers a first partial region of the jet splitterinlet and reduces the inlet of the inflowing water flow to the remainingpartial region,

FIGS. 55 to 57 show a jet regulator having a throttling or closingelement which is composed of elastic material and which, in the closedposition shown in FIG. 56, covers a partial region of the jet regulatorinlet,

FIGS. 58 and 59 show a jet regulator having a throttling or closingelement which is shown in its open position and which is composed ofelastic material, with the jet regulator being illustrated in aperspective longitudinal section in FIG. 58 and in a lateral partiallongitudinal section in FIG. 59, and

FIGS. 60 and 61 show the jet regulator from FIGS. 58 and 59 in theclosed position of its throttling or closing element, with the jetregulator being shown in a perspective longitudinal section in FIG. 60and in a lateral partial longitudinal section in FIG. 61.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIGS. 1 to 24 and 26 to 51 illustrate embodiments 101 to 114 of asanitary installation part which is embodied here as a jet regulator.Said jet regulators 101 to 114, which are arranged in a sanitary outletfitting (not illustrated in any more detail here), have a jet splitter 2which divides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicity of individualjets before said individual jets are enriched with air and can beformed, in an outflow-side flow straightener 3, into a homogeneous andnon-sputtering overall jet.

An admixing device 4 having at least one throttling or closing element 5or 5′ is positioned upstream of the jet splitters 2 of the jetregulators 101 to 114 shown in FIGS. 1 to 24 and 26 to 61 in the flowdirection. The at least one throttling or closing element 5, 5′ canmove, under the pressure of the inflowing water, from an admixing oropen position, shown in FIGS. 3, 4; 7, 8; 11, 12; 15, 16; 19, 20; 23,24; 26, 27; 30, 31; 34; 40, 41; 46, 47; 53; 55 and 58, 59, into athrottling or closed position, shown in FIGS. 1, 2; 5, 6; 9, 10; 13, 14;17, 18; 21, 22; 28, 29; 32, 33; 35 to 39; 42 to 45; 48 to 51; 54; 56 and60, 61, counter to a restoring force. Here, the at least one throttlingor closing element 5, 5′, in its admixing or open position, provides arelatively large clear throughflow cross section, and in the at leastone throttling or closed position, provides a reduced clear throughflowcross section in relation thereto.

The jet regulators 101 to 114 illustrated here are characterized in thatsaid jet regulators 101 to 114 can considerably improve the throughflowcurve which is characteristic of conventional jet regulators and whichhas the form of a root function if the throughflow (y axis) is plottedagainst the pressure (x axis). Specifically, by means of the jetregulators 101 to 114 illustrated here, a sufficient water quantity toallow said jet regulators 101 to 114 to perform their function optimallyand to form a homogeneous and non-sputtering water jet which isperceived by the user as being pleasant flows through the installationelement even in relatively low pressure ranges. For this purpose, in thejet regulators 101 to 114 illustrated here, the admixing device 4 isprovided, upstream of the jet splitter 2 at the inflow side, with atleast the one throttling or closing element 5, 5′, which throttling orclosing element 5, 5′ can move, under the pressure of the inflowingwater, from an admixing or open position into a throttling or closedposition counter to a restoring force, with the admixing device 4, inthe throttling or closed position of at least one throttling or closingelement 5, 5′, providing a relatively large clear throughflow crosssection, and in the throttling or closed position of said at least onethrottling or closing element 5, 5′, providing a reduced clearthroughflow cross section in relation thereto through the jet regulator101 to 114.

While the jet regulators 101 to 103, 107 to 111 and 114 shown in FIGS. 1to 12, 26 to 61 and 58 to 61 have a jet splitter 2 which is embodied asa perforated plate, the jet splitter 2 of the jet regulators 104 to 106and 112 to 113 illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 24 and 53 to 57 is embodied asa diffuser which divides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicity ofindividual jets in the wall apertures 6, which are spaced apart from oneanother preferably uniformly in the circumferential direction, of aperipheral wall 7.

FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate a jet regulator 101 with a jet splitter 2 whichis embodied as a perforated plate. Here, the throttling or closingelement 5 which is arranged upstream of the jet splitter 2 at the inflowside and which is held on the jet splitter 2 by means of a latchingconnection is produced from elastic material. Said elastic throttling orclosing element 5 can be deformed or moved, under the pressure of theinflowing water flow, and counter to the inherent elasticity, whichserves to provide a restoring force, of the throttling or closingelement material, from an admixing or open position, which is spacedapart from the inflow side of the jet splitter 2, into a throttling orclosed position in which the throttling or closing element—as shown inFIGS. 3 and 4—covers a central partial region of the jet splitter inletand reduces the inlet of the inflowing water flow to the remainingpartial region of the jet regulator flow.

Here, it is clear from a comparison of FIGS. 1 and 2 on the one hand andFIGS. 3 and 4 on the other hand that the throttling or closing element 5can be deformed from a funnel shape, which is provided in the admixingor open position, into a shield shape in the throttling or closedposition, in which shield shape the throttling or closing element 5bears sealingly at least with its shield edge against the jet splitter 2at the inflow side and closes off at least one inner hole circle of thethroughflow holes 8, which are arranged in concentric hole circles, ofthe jet splitter 2.

The jet regulators 102 to 105 illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 20, in contrast,have a throttling or closing element 5 which is produced fromdeformation-resistant material and which can be moved between anadmixing or open position, which is spaced apart from the jet splitter 2and which is shown in FIGS. 7, 8; 11, 12; 15, 16 and 19, 20, and athrottling or closing position which is illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6; 9,10; 13, 14 and 17, 18, in which throttling or closing position thecorresponding throttling or closing element 5 covers a partial region ofthe jet splitter inlet. While the throttling or closing element 5 of thejet regulators 102, 103 shown in FIGS. 5 to 12 covers, for this purpose,a partial number of the throughflow holes provided in the jet splitter2, the throttling or closing element of the jet regulators 104, 105depicted in FIGS. 13 to 20 completely seals off the jet splitter 2,which is embodied as a diffuser, at the peripheral edge, such that thejet splitter inlet to the throttling openings 9 provided in thethrottling or closing elements 5 is reduced. In each case one axialguide journal 10 projects from the jet splitters 2 of the jet regulators102 to 105 shown in FIGS. 5 to 20 at the inflow side, on which axialguide journal 10 the corresponding throttling or closing element 5 isguided in a movable manner by means of a complementary guide opening.The throttling or closing elements 5 of the jet regulators 102 to 105depicted in FIGS. 5 to 20, which throttling or closing elements 5 may beof ring-shaped, wheel-shaped or disk-shaped design, can be moved, underthe pressure of the inflowing water, from the admixing or open positioninto their throttling or closed position counter to the restoring forceof a pressure spring 11.

While the throttling or closing element 5 of the jet regulator 102 has acircular-ring-shaped partial region with radial spokes for centralguidance, the throttling or closing element 5 of the jet regulators 103,104, 105 is of pot-shaped, plate-shaped or disk-shaped design.

The jet regulator 106 which is shown in FIGS. 21 to 24 and which has ajet splitter 2 which is designed as a diffuser has a centrally arrangedbypass duct 12 which bypasses or extends through the jet splitter 2, theduct opening 13 of which bypass duct 12 is provided upstream of the jetsplitter 2 in the flow direction. A mushroom-shaped or shield-shapedthrottling or closing element 5 composed of elastic material ispositioned upstream of the bypass duct 12 in the flow direction, whichthrottling or closing element 5 can be moved, under the pressure of theinflowing water, from the admixing or open position shown in FIGS. 23and 24 into a throttling or closed position in which the throttlingelement or closing element 5 provides only a reduced throughflow crosssection through the jet regulator 106. In said throttling or closedposition shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the throttling or closing element 5sealingly covers the edge region which borders the duct opening 13, insuch a way that the bypass duct 12 is closed off.

A filter or ancillary sieve 14 is positioned upstream of the jetregulators 101 to 103 and 105 to 106 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 12 and 17to 24, which filter or ancillary sieve 14 is intended to filter out thedirt particles contained in the water, which dirt particles couldotherwise block the jet splitter 2 and impair the function of the jetregulators 101 to 103, 105, 106.

The jet regulator 106 shown in FIGS. 21 to 24 also has an ancillary orfilter sieve 14 of said type, which ancillary or filter sieve 14 isembodied here in the shape of a funnel. Here, the central funnel openingof the funnel shaped ancillary or filter sieve 14 is embodied as a ductopening 13 of the bypass duct 12. Since the mushroom-shaped orplate-shaped throttling or closing element 5 which is composed ofelastic material deforms or moves into its open or admixing position inthe event of falling water pressure or an interruption in the watersupply, such dirt particles which have collected in the filter sieve 14can be discharged practically automatically at time intervals throughthe bypass duct 12 which has a larger clear duct or opening crosssection in relation to the filter openings 15 of the ancillary or filtersieve 14. Said dirt particles which are discharged through the bypassduct 12 therefore need no longer pass through the jet splitter 2—infact, said dirt particles only emerge again downstream of the jetsplitter 2 in the flow direction, with the flow straightener 3 which ispositioned downstream of the jet splitter 2 having a significantlylarger clear throughflow cross section.

FIG. 25 shows a typical throughflow curve which can be obtained with thejet regulator designs 101 to 106. The curve a, which is illustrated bymeans of a dash-dotted line, shows the throughflow behavior of a jetsplitter which is used in the prior art, whereas the curve b, which isillustrated as a solid line, has a very steep rise in the throughflow inthe low pressure range on account of the bypass effect of the still-openthrottling or closing elements 5, which very steep rise reduces withincreasing pressure on account of the closure of the throttling orclosing elements 5 and, at relatively high pressure, is congruent withthe curve a which has the typical throughflow behavior of a jet splitter2 with throttling or closing elements situated in the throttling orclosed position.

FIGS. 26 to 51 illustrate jet regulators 107 to 111 having an admixingdevice 4 which has either a plurality of throttling or closing elements5, 5′ or a throttling or closing element 5 which is segmented intopartial regions or segments, which throttling or closing element 5, indifferent throttling or closing positions, covers in each case a partialregion of the jet splitter inlet.

The throttling or closing element 5 of the jet regulator 107 shown inFIGS. 26 to 29 is therefore formed as a body which is produced fromelastic material and which is deformable under pressure and which, in astepped fashion, closes off individual partial regions of the jetsplitter 2, which is embodied as a perforated plate, as a function ofthe water pressure. To arrive here at a multi-stage closure principle,as illustrated in FIGS. 26 to 29, the jet regulator 107 is designed suchthat its throttling or closure element 5 has different stiffnesses andtherefore deforms partially with rising pressure corresponding to thestiffness or elasticity. Here, the throttling or closing element 5 isembodied as a plate-shaped elastic disk which has a circumferentiallyvarying wall thickness and which therefore deforms even at low pressurein the region of the thinnest wall thickness.

The shield-shaped throttling or closing element 5 of the jet regulator108 shown in FIGS. 30 to 33 is divided in the circumferential directioninto shield segments which can deform separately from one another, insuch a way that said throttling or closing element 5 practically forms aflower-shaped disk which is composed of individual elements on accountof the radial incisions. Said individual segments or disk elements mayhave different stiffnesses on account of additionally different materialaccumulations. Furthermore, though not illustrated in this case, it isalso possible for different depths of radial incisions and/or differentwidths of the individual flower-petal-like segments or disk elements toborder different stiffnesses.

FIGS. 34 to 39 schematically illustrate a jet regulator 109 with asimilar design of plate-shaped throttling or closing element 5, withdifferent stiffnesses of the flower-petal-like segments or disk elementsbeing obtained by means of different material thicknesses.

FIGS. 40 to 45 illustrate a jet regulator 110 which is similar to thejet regulators 102 to 105. However, the jet regulator 110 is oftwo-stage design and, for this purpose, has two throttling or closingelements 5, 5′ which are movable separately from one another in theaxial direction and which are each of pot-shaped design and which areassigned restoring springs 11 which can be activated at different waterpressures. While the throttling or closing elements 5, 5′ of theadmixing device 4 are illustrated in their unloaded admixing or openposition in FIGS. 40 and 41, FIGS. 42 and 43 show the throttlingelements 5, 5′ of the jet regulator 110 with rising water pressure, withfirstly only the throttling or closing element 5 closing off theassociated partial region of the jet splitter 2 which is embodied as aperforated plate, and therefore reducing the jet splitter inlet to thecentral throttle opening 9 through which the restoring spring extends.It is clear from FIGS. 44 and 45 that, at high pressure, the throttlingor closing elements 5, 5′ bear sealingly against one another, andagainst the jet splitter 2 at the inflow side, in such a way that theinflowing water flow can pass through the jet splitter 2 only via thehole circle which borders the throttling or closing elements 5, 5′.

The jet regulator 111 shown in FIGS. 46 to 51 likewise has a jetsplitter 2 which is embodied as a perforated plate and which has amulti-stage admixing device 4. For this purpose, throttling or closingelements 5, 5′ are integrally formed on the inflow side of the jetsplitter 2, which throttling or closing elements 5, 5′ are each embodiedas annular sealing lips composed of elastic material and are assigned toat least one adjacent hole circle of the jet splitter 2. Said throttlingor closing elements 5, 5′ which are embodied as sealing lips respond atdifferent water pressures by deforming, with the sealing lips, which areinclined with respect to the jet splitter 2 in the initial position,being pressed under the water pressure against the jet splitter 2 insuch a way that the respective associated hole circle of the jetsplitter 2 is sealingly closed off. At maximum water pressure, theinflowing water can pass through the jet splitter 2 only via the outer,uncovered hole circle—as illustrated in FIG. 51. FIG. 52 illustrates thethroughflow curve of the jet regulators 110, 111 with their multi-stageadmixing devices 4. It can be clearly seen that the throughflow throughthe jet regulators 110, 111 is always kept in a comfort zone, in whichthe jet regulator 110, 111 can form a homogeneous, sparkling and softjet, by means of the throttling or closing elements 5, 5′ which moveinto their open or closed position in a pressure-dependent and steppedfashion.

The installation elements 107 to 111 illustrated in FIGS. 26 to 51 mayalso be embodied as a simple throttle which is composed merely of thejet splitter 2 and the admixing device 4 which is arranged at the inflowside, and which is arranged at any desired point in a water line.

FIGS. 53 and 54 show a sanitary installation element 112 which isdesigned as a jet regulator which can be inserted into the outletmouthpiece of a sanitary outlet fitting. The jet regulator 112 accordingto FIGS. 53 and 54 has an admixing device 4 with a throttling or closingelement 5 which can be moved, under the pressure of the inflowing water,from an admixing or open position—illustrated in FIG. 53—into thethrottling or closed position shown in FIG. 54 counter to the restoringforce of a pressure spring 11. In said throttling or closed position,the admixing device 4 provides only a reduced clear throughflow crosssection.

It can be seen in FIGS. 53 and 54 that the jet regulator 112 has a jetsplitter 2 which divides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicity ofindividual jets and which is embodied as a diffuser. While the admixingdevice 4 is positioned upstream of the jet splitter 2, and an ancillarysieve 14 is positioned upstream of said admixing device 4, at the inflowside, a functional unit which is embodied as a flow straightener 3 ispositioned downstream at the outflow side of the jet splitter 2, whichflow straightener 3 is formed, for the preparation of a homogeneous,non-sputtering water jet, from a perforated plate with throughflow holeswhich are honeycomb-shaped in this case.

The throttling or closing element 5 which is held on the jet splitter 2is guided in an axially movable fashion and is moved, under the pressureof the inflowing water, in the direction of the jet splitter 2 counterto the restoring force of the pressure spring 11 until the throttling orclosing element 5 bears with a partial region against the jet splitter2. The throttling or closing element 5 is of finger-shaped design at itsperipheral edge region, with the projecting fingers of the throttling orclosing element 5 engaging into the wall apertures 6, which are providedat the periphery, of the peripheral wall 7 of the diffuser 2. From acomparison of FIGS. 53 and 54, it is clear that the throttling orclosing element 5 can engage into the wall apertures 6 of the diffuser 2in such a way that the passage cross section is delimited in the regionof said wall apertures 6 of the jet splitter 2.

In FIG. 53, it can be seen that the jet splitter 2 has an annular bypassduct 12, which is arranged coaxially with respect to the longitudinalcentral axis, with a plurality of duct openings 32 which are spacedapart uniformly and which are aligned in the axial direction and which,at low pressure, permit the throughflow of a maximum possible quantityof water through the jet regulator 112. Here, the water flow is dividedup, with a part of the water flow running through the splitter system ofthe diffuser 2 into the edge region and being mixed there with inductedair, while a further part of the water flows through the duct openings32 of the bypass duct 12 adjacent to the pressure spring 11 directlyfrom the jet splitter 2 into the mixing chamber which is arrangeddownstream of the jet splitter 2 at the outflow side. In this way, it ispossible to realize an extremely steep rise in throughflow. With risingpressure, the throttling or closing element 5 which is spring-mounted bymeans of the pressure spring 11 lowers and also closes off the ductopenings 32 which are provided in the bypass duct 12, such that thewater can subsequently flow only via the wall apertures 6, which arearranged in the peripheral region and which are likewise reduced incross section, of the jet splitter 2.

To be able to deliver sufficient water into the bypass duct 12 atextremely low pressures at which the spring-mounted throttling orclosing element 5 is situated in the open position, the throttling orclosing element 5 is provided, in its center, with large apertures 33.In the closed position, in which the throttling or closing element 5 haslowered in the direction of the jet splitter 2, said apertures 33 haveno effect, since the apertures 33 are sealed off by a conicallytruncated sealing ring 34 which engages around the apertures 33 and isintegrally formed on the throttling or closing element 5 in a unipartitefashion on the outflow side of the throttling or closing element 5.

The installation element 113 shown in FIGS. 55 to 57 is also embodied asa jet regulator which can be inserted into the outlet mouthpiece of asanitary outlet fitting. The jet regulator 113 according to FIGS. 55 to57 is assigned an admixing device 4 which is arranged at the inflow sideand which has a throttling or closing element 5. From a comparison ofthe open position shown in FIG. 55 on the one hand and the closedposition illustrated in FIG. 56 on the other hand, it is clear that thethrottling or closing element 5 can be moved, under the pressure of theinflowing water, from an admixing or open position into a throttling orclosed position, in which the admixing device 4 provides only a reducedclear throughflow cross section in relation to the open position,counter to a restoring force. Here, the admixing device 4 is arrangedupstream of the jet splitter 2, which is embodied here as a diffuser, atthe inflow side, in such a way that the throttling or closing element 5,in its closed position, closes off a partial region of the jet splitterinflow which flows to the jet splitter 2.

In the exploded illustration of its constituent parts in FIG. 57, it canbe seen that the installation element 113 has a throttling or closingelement 5 which is produced from elastic material and which can bedeformed, under the pressure of the inflowing water flow, counter to theinherent elasticity of the throttling element material in such a waythat the throttling or closing element which is deformed in itsthrottling or closed position covers a partial region of the jetsplitter inlet. For this purpose, the throttling or closing element isformed in the manner of a shield with four shield arms 35 which projectat right angles to one another, wherein the throttling or closingelement 5 covers, with its segments which are embodied as shield arms35, in each case one of the in this case eight inflow openings 36, whichserve as the jet splitter inlet, in the throttling or closed position.Said inflow openings 36 are provided on a throttle plate 37, whichcovers the throughflow cross section of the installation element 113, ofthe admixing device 4, on which throttle plate 37 the throttling orclosing element 5 is held by means of a connecting pin 39 which isintegrally formed on the jet splitter 2 and which extends through acentral plug-through opening 38 of the throttle plate 37. To ensurecorrect positioning of the throttling or closing element 5 in relationto the inflow openings 36, the connecting opening 40 in the throttlingor closing element 5 and the plug-through opening 38 in the throttleplate 37 on the one hand and the connecting pin 39 which is integrallyformed on the jet splitter 2 in a unipartite fashion have acomplementary non-circular cross section.

The installation element 113 shown in FIGS. 55 to 57 is similar to thejet regulators which have already been illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 and30 to 39.

FIGS. 58 to 61 show an installation element 114 in perspectivelongitudinal sections (FIGS. 58, 60) and in partially sectioned sideviews (FIGS. 59, 61), which installation element 114 is likewiseembodied as a jet regulator which can be inserted into the outletmouthpiece of a sanitary outlet fitting. The jet regulator 114, which isembodied as an installation element, has an admixing device 4 with atleast one throttling or closing element 5, which throttling or closingelement 5 can be moved, under the pressure of the inflowing water, froman open position shown in FIGS. 58 and 59 into the closed positionillustrated in FIGS. 60 and 61 counter to a restoring force. While theadmixing device 4 opens up a relatively large clear throughflow crosssection in the open position of its throttling or closing element 5shown in FIGS. 58 and 59, a reduced clear throughflow cross section inrelation thereto is provided in the throttling or closed position shownin FIGS. 60 and 61.

The jet regulator 114 according FIGS. 58 to 61 has a jet splitter 2which is embodied here as a perforated plate and which has amultiplicity of throughflow holes 8 arranged in concentric rings. Theinflowing water jet is divided into a multiplicity of individual jets insaid perforated plate 2. The throttling or closing element 5 which isproduced from elastic material can be deformed, under the pressure ofthe inflowing water flow, counter to the inherent elasticity of thethrottling element material, in such a way that the throttling orclosing element 5 which is deformed in the throttling or closed positioncovers at least an inner circle of throughflow holes 8 and reduces theinlet of the inflowing water flow to at least one outer circle ofthroughflow holes 8 and therefore to the remaining partial region of thejet splitter inlet.

The throttling or closing element 5 is of shield-like design. Saidthrottling or closing element 5 engages around a central fastening pin42, which projects above the perforated plate 2, and is braced betweenthe perforated plate 2 and an inflow-side ancillary sieve 14. While theouter peripheral edge region of the throttling or closing element 5 hasa funnel shape in the open position, said outer peripheral edge regionis deformed into a shield shape, bearing against the jet splitter 2, inthe closed position. The mushroom-shaped or shield-like throttling orclosing element 5, which is produced from elastic material, of the jetregulator 114 shown in FIGS. 58 to 61 therefore deforms under thepressure of the incoming water, in such a way that some of thethroughflow holes 8 which are provided in the perforated plate 2 areclosed off, before returning to the open position again, on account ofthe inherent elasticity of the elastic material, in the event of fallingwater pressure. The embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 58 to 61 is similarto the jet regulator which was shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A sanitary installation element which isarranged in a water line that is embodied as a jet regulator, comprisinga jet splitter (2) which divides the inflowing water flow into amultiplicity of individual jets, and having an admixing device (4),which comprises at least one bypass duct (12) with a duct opening (13)that is provided upstream of the jet splitter (2) in a flow direction,with at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′), the at leastone throttling or closing element (5, 5′) can move, under the pressureof the inflowing water, from an admixing or open position into athrottling or closed position counter to a restoring force, with theadmixing device (4), in the admixing or open position of the at leastone throttling or closing element (5, 5′), providing a clear throughflowcross section, and in the throttling or closed position of the at leastone throttling or closing element (5, 5′), providing a reduced clearthroughflow cross section in relation thereto, the admixing device (4)is provided upstream of the jet splitter (2) at an inflow side, and theat least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′), in its throttling orclosed position, closes off at least one of: a partial region of the jetsplitter inlet, a partial region of a clear passage cross section of thejet splitter (2), or the at least one bypass duct (12) which bypasses atleast the jet splitter (2) of the jet regulator, wherein the at leastone throttling or closing element (5, 5′) has at least one throttlingopening which has a clear throttle opening cross section which isreduced in relation to a corresponding one of the partial region of thejet splitter inlet or the partial region of the clear passage crosssection of the jet splitter (2), which is covered by the throttling orclosing element (5, 5′) in the throttling or closed position, of theclear passage cross section of the jet splitter or in relation to theduct opening.
 2. The installation element as claimed in claim 1, whereinthe at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′), in thethrottling or closed position, covers a partial region of the clearpassage cross section of the jet splitter (2), or an edge region whichborders the duct opening (13), at an inflow side.
 3. The installationelement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the installation element furthercomprises at least one functional unit which follows the jet splitter(2) in a flow direction and which serves for jet preparation.
 4. Theinstallation element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least onethrottling or closing element (5, 5′) can be deformed from a funnelshape in which a periphery thereof extends toward an upstream direction,provided in the admixing or open position, into a shield shape, in whichthe periphery bears against the jet splitter (2), in the throttling orclosed position.
 5. The installation element as claimed in claim 1,wherein the at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′) ismovable in an axial direction between an admixing or open position,which is spaced apart from the jet splitter, and the throttling orclosed position.
 6. A sanitary installation element which is arranged ina water line that is embodied as a jet regulator, comprising a jetsplitter (2) which divides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicityof individual jets, and having an admixing device (4) with at least onethrottling or closing element (5, 5′), the at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′) can move, under the pressure of the inflowingwater, from an admixing or open position into a throttling or closedposition counter to a restoring force, with the admixing device (4), inthe admixing or open position of the at least one throttling or closingelement (5, 5′), providing a clear throughflow cross section, and in thethrottling or closed position of the at least one throttling or closingelement (5, 5′), providing a reduced clear throughflow cross section inrelation thereto, the admixing device (4) is provided upstream of thejet splitter (2) at an inflow side, and the at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′), in its throttling or closed position, closesoff at least one bypass duct (12) which bypasses at least the jetsplitter (2) of the jet regulator, a funnel-shaped ancillary or filtersieve (14) is positioned upstream of the jet regulator in a flowdirection, and a funnel opening of the funnel-shaped ancillary or filtersieve (14), which is at a downstream side of the ancillary or filtersieve, is embodied as a duct opening (13) of the at least one bypassduct (12) of the admixing device (4) provided upstream of the jetsplitter (2), and said duct opening (13) has a clear opening crosssection which is larger in relation to filter openings of the ancillaryor filter sieve (14).
 7. The installation element as claimed in claim 6,wherein the duct outlet of the at least one bypass duct (12) is providedin the flow direction upstream of at least one functional unit, which ispositioned in the flow direction downstream of the jet splitter (2). 8.A sanitary installation element which is arranged in a water line thatis embodied as a jet regulator, comprising a jet splitter (2) whichdivides the inflowing water flow into a multiplicity of individual jets,and having an admixing device (4) with at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′), the at least one throttling or closing element(5, 5′) includes a fixed anchor portion connected to a center portion ofthe jet splitter and an elastically deformable closing portion extendingtherefrom that moves through flexing under the pressure of the inflowingwater, from an admixing or open position into a throttling or closedposition counter to a restoring force provided by the elasticdeformation, with the admixing device (4), in the admixing or openposition of the at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′),providing a clear throughflow cross section, and in the throttling orclosed position of the at least one throttling or closing element (5,5′), providing a reduced clear throughflow cross section in relationthereto, the admixing device (4) is provided upstream of the jetsplitter (2) at an inflow side, and the at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′), in its throttling or closed position, closesoff at least one of: a partial region of the clear passage cross sectionof the jet splitter (2), or at least one bypass duct (12) which bypassesat least the jet splitter (2) of the jet regulator, with the bypass ductincluding a duct opening (13) that is provided upstream of the jetsplitter (2) in a flow direction, wherein the admixing device (4) has atleast two of the throttling elements (5, 5′) or the at least onethrottling element (5) has at least two throttling element partialregions which can be moved from the admixing or open position into thethrottling or closed position at different water pressures.
 9. Asanitary installation element which is arranged in a water line that isembodied as a jet regulator, comprising a jet splitter (2) which dividesthe inflowing water flow into a multiplicity of individual jets, andhaving an admixing device (4) with at least one throttling or closingelement (5, 5′), the at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′)can move, under the pressure of the inflowing water, from an admixing oropen position into a throttling or closed position counter to arestoring force, with the admixing device (4), in the admixing or openposition of the at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′),providing a clear throughflow cross section, and in the throttling orclosed position of the at least one throttling or closing element (5,5′), providing a reduced clear throughflow cross section in relationthereto, the admixing device (4) is provided upstream of the jetsplitter (2) at an inflow side, and the at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′), in its throttling or closed position, closesoff at least one of: a partial region of the jet splitter inlet, apartial region of the clear passage cross section of the jet splitter(2), or at least one bypass duct (12) which bypasses at least the jetsplitter (2) of the jet regulator, and the at least one throttling orclosing element (5, 5′) is provided upstream of the jet splitter (2) atan inflow side, the jet splitter (2) comprises a jet splitter plate witha plurality of openings, and the at least one throttling or closingelement (5, 5′) can be moved, at least with at least one partial regionunder pressure of the inflowing water flow, from the admixing or openposition, which is spaced apart from the inflow side of the jet splitter(2), into the throttling or closed position counter to a restoringforce, in the throttling or closed position the at least one throttlingor closing element (5, 5′) completely closes off some of the pluralityof openings in the jet splitter plate.
 10. The installation element asclaimed in claim 9, wherein the jet splitter (2) is a diffuser.
 11. Theinstallation element as claimed in claim 9, wherein the at least onethrottling or closing element is produced from elastic material and canbe elastically deformed through flexing of a portion thereof, under thepressure of the inflowing water flow against an inherent elasticity ofthe throttling element material, in such a way that the throttling orclosing element (5, 5′) which is deformed in the throttling or closedposition covers at least some of the plurality of openings in the jetsplitter plate.
 12. The installation element as claimed in claim 11,wherein the at least one throttling or closing element (5, 5′) has ashield-like design and, in at least one of the throttling or closedposition, at least a segment of the shield or shield edge region, coversat least some of the plurality of openings in the jet splitter.
 13. Theinstallation element as claimed in claim 12, wherein the shield of theshield-like throttling or closing element (5, 5′) is divided in acircumferential direction into shield segments which are deformableseparately from one another, and the shield segments of the throttlingor closing element (5, 5′) are deformable in different pressure ranges.14. The installation element as claimed in claim 11, wherein the atleast one throttling or closing element (5, 5′) is held on the jetsplitter (2) at the inflow side.